035 and P = 0.003, respectively). Serum total bilirubin levels were markedly increased check details 3 days after surgery in the crushing clamp group than in the TissueLink group (P = 0.011). Biliary leakage occurred in a higher number of crushing clamp patients (six) than TissueLink patients (three), although this difference was not significant. The operative morbidity not including biliary leakage was higher in the crushing clamp group than the TissueLink group (nine patients versus five patients, respectively).\n\nConclusion. This study reveals that the TissueLink procedure has beneficial effects

during liver transection under cirrhotic conditions in terms of blood loss and reperfusion-related liver injury. However, selleck this procedure requires a significantly longer transection time of the parenchyma. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“In the title complex, [Cu(C20H13N2O)(2)], the Cu-II ion is tetra-coordinated by an N2O2 set of two ligands in a distorted rectangular-planar geometry. The dihedral angle between the two coordinated five-membered metalla rings

is 37.5 (3)degrees. The molecular configuration is stabilized by two C-H center dot center dot center dot O and two C-H center dot center dot center dot N intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The crystal packing is dominated by van der Waals interactions. Three atoms of the phenyl ring of the benzohydrazidate moiety are disordered over two sets of sites in a 0.625 (18):0.375 (18) ratio.”
“Purpose To compare pain assessment questionnaires commonly used in advanced prostate cancer trials and to determine the psychometric characteristics and longitudinal Quizartinib relationships by contrasting questionnaire data from two international phase 2 trials.\n\nMethods Scores from the Present Pain Intensity (PPI) question of

the McGill Pain Questionnaire, the pain intensity scale of the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate (FACT-P) were analyzed using Pearson correlation, intra-class correlation coefficient, and Cronbach’s alpha, respectively. Concordance was evaluated with Cohen’s kappa coefficient and McNemar test at baseline (n = 224) and two subsequent observations.\n\nResults PPI and FACT-P scores were associated with the BPI score at baseline for Trials 1 and 2: PPI r = 0.66 and 0.80, respectively (P < 0.001); FACT-P (pain scale) r = -0.76 and -0.82, respectively (P < 0.001). However, concordance analysis revealed that the BPI identified pain (score > 0) at higher rates than the PPI: at baseline, BPI: 89 % (64/72) and 77 % (95/124), PPI: 68 % (49/72) and 64 % (79/124) [Trials 1 and 2, respectively; McNemar test (P < 0.001) for both studies]. The FACT-P pain scale identified pain similarly to the BPI pain intensity scale; longitudinal analysis produced comparable findings. All pain scales met standard psychometric acceptability criteria, but the BPI and FACT-P performed better than the PPI.

“
“Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder caused by a polyglutamine (polyQ) expansion in the ataxin-3 protein. We generated two transgenic mouse lineages expressing the expanded human ataxin-3 under the control of the CMV promoter: CMVMJD83 and CMVMJD94, carrying Q83 and Q94 stretches, respectively. Behavioral analysis revealed that the

CMVMJD94 transgenic mice developed motor uncoordination, intergenerational instability of the CAG repeat and a tissue-specific increase in the somatic mosaicism of the repeat with aging. Histopathological analysis of MJD mice at early and late stages of the disease revealed neuronal atrophy and astrogliosis in several brain regions; however, we found Selleck LY411575 no signs of microglial activation or neuroinflammatory response prior to the appearance of an overt phenotype. In our model, the appearance of MJD-like symptoms was also not associated with the presence of ataxin-3 cleavage products or intranuclear aggregates. We propose the transgenic CMVMJD94 mice as a useful model to study the early stages in the pathogenesis of MJD and to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in CAG repeat instability. (C) S63845 purchase 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“The

histone variant H3.3 is implicated in the formation and maintenance of specialized

chromatin structure in metazoan cells. H3.3-containing nucleosomes are assembled in a replication-independent manner by means of dedicated chaperone proteins. We previously identified the death domain associated protein (Daxx) and the alpha-thalassemia X-linked mental retardation protein (ATRX) as H3.3-associated proteins. Here, we report that the highly conserved N terminus of BGJ398 molecular weight Daxx interacts directly with variant-specific residues in the H3.3 core. Recombinant Daxx assembles H3.3/H4 tetramers on DNA templates, and the ATRX-Daxx complex catalyzes the deposition and remodeling of H3.3-containing nucleosomes. We find that the ATRX-Daxx complex is bound to telomeric chromatin, and that both components of this complex are required for H3.3 deposition at telomeres in murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs). These data demonstrate that Daxx functions as an H3.3-specific chaperone and facilitates the deposition of H3.3 at heterochromatin loci in the context of the ATRX-Daxx complex.”
“Objective: To estimate unbiasedly the mean and median survival time of cancer patients with incomplete follow-up. To assess the effects of informative censoring on estimates by using the crude and a bias-reducing method, based on weighted averages of the age-specific results.

In general, this tuning is achieved by either chemical doping to introduce buy Omipalisib charge carriers, or external stimuli to lower the ratio of Coulomb repulsion to bandwidth. In this study, we combine experiment

and theory to show that the transition from well-localized insulating states to metallicity in a Ruddlesden-Popper series, La(0.5)Sr(n+1-0.5) Ti(n)O(3n+1), is driven by intercalating an intrinsically insulating SrTiO(3) unit, in structural terms, by dimensionality n. This unconventional strategy, which can be understood upon a complex interplay between electron-phonon coupling and electron correlations, opens up a new avenue to obtain metallicity or even superconductivity in oxide superlattices that are normally expected to be insulators.”
“Recently two cases of vaccine-associated neurologic disease have been reported in find more breastfed infants whose mothers had received live attenuated yellow fever vaccine. These two cases have focused attention on the transmission of attenuated

yellow fever vaccine virus from mother to infant via breastfeeding, and more generally of all other live attenuated viruses used to immunize nursing mothers. This article provides an overview of the rare literature on possible virus excretion in breast milk after vaccination of nursing mothers with live attenuated virus vaccine and on cases of infection via breastfeeding in infants whose mothers had been vaccinated postpartum. Before implementing EPZ-6438 price postpartum vaccination in a nursing mother, the vaccinator needs to weigh up the risk of transmission to and adverse effects in the baby from live vaccine virus against the beneficial effects of the vaccine for the mother, taking into account her need for

vaccination. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Thirty enrichment cultures of thermophilic microorganisms were obtained from Kamchatka terrestrial hydrotherms that reduced insoluble poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxide (ferrihydrite) with and without direct contact between the cells and the mineral. Restricted access to the Fe(III) mineral was achieved by incorporation of ferrihydrite into alginate beads. According to phylogenetic analysis of 22 enrichment cultures by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of 16S rRNA gene fragments, Firmicutes were predominant among bacteria in all the variants. Microorganisms of the phylogenetic types Aquificae, Bacteroidetes, Nitrospirae, Planctomycetes, Spirochaetes, Synergistetes, and Thermotogae were also revealed. The archaea revealed belonged to the genera Desulfurococcus, Pyrobaculum, and Thermofilum. In the case of free access to ferrihydrite, most of the phylotypes belonged to genera known for Fe(III) reduction. In the absence of direct contact with the mineral, together with known iron reducers, organisms for which ability to reduce Fe(III) was unknown were detected.

At the same time, non-AIDS-defining cancers are becoming an increasing problem and now account for a large proportion of HIV-related deaths. Perhaps the most important and controversial of these is HIV-related lung cancer. There are a number of unresolved NSC23766 mw issues surrounding this illness, which are the subject of this review.\n\nRecent findings\n\nSmoking

does not account for all of the increase in the incidence of lung cancer seen in HIV patients. Other factors accounting for the increased incidence remain undefined. Highly active antiretroviral therapy may not have had a beneficial effect on either the incidence or outcome of the disease, which needs Z-IETD-FMK research buy further investigation. Early diagnosis and offering these patients potentially curative therapy wherever appropriate is of utmost importance.\n\nSummary\n\nHIV-related lung cancer is becoming an increasingly important problem as patients are living longer with HIV infection.”
“Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare two single agents paclitaxel (intravenous) versus vinorelbine (oral) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with performance status (PS):2. Patients and Methods: The patients were randomized to receive either oral vinorelbine 60 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8, 15 every 4 weeks for 4 cycles (group

A) or paclitaxel 90 mg/m2 intravenously for 1 h on days 1, 8, 15 every 4 weeks for a total of 4 cycles (group B). Results: Among the 74 eligible patients (36 in arm A and 38 in arm B) in arm A, two (6%) had a partial response (95% CI, 0.7-18.7) and 5 (14%) had stable disease (95% CI, 4.7-29.5). In arm B, five (13%) had a partial response (95% CI, 4.4-28.1) and 7 (18%) had stable disease LY2606368 inhibitor (95% CI, 7.7-34.3). No significant difference was found in terms of clinical benefit between the two groups after two cycles of treatment except for appetite in favour of paclitaxel (p=0.01). Median survival was 3.1months (95% CI, 2.2-4.0) for

arm A and 5.1 months (95% CI, 2.7-7.6) for arm B (p=0.95). Toxicity was mild and only alopecia was more profound in the patients of arm B (p=0.008). Conclusion: No significant difference was found in clinical benefit between PS:2 NSCLC patients treated with either vinorelbine or paclitaxel.”
“Quantifying the mechanistic links between carbon fluxes and forest canopy attributes will advance understanding of leaf-to-ecosystem scaling and its potential application to assessing terrestrial ecosystem metabolism. Important advances have been made, but prior studies that related carbon fluxes to multiple canopy traits are scarce. Herein, presenting data for 128 cold temperate and boreal forests across a regional gradient of 600 km and 5.4 degrees C (from 2.4 degrees C to 7.

“
“ScopeLow circulating sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Mediterranean diet has been associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease.

We aimed to test the hypothesis that the increase of circulating MUFA associated with olive oil consumption (primary fat source in Mediterranean diet) increases SHBG serum levels. Methods and resultsA total of 315 men were included. In these patients, nutrition data and plasma samples for SHBG assessment were obtained. In vitro studies to examine the effects of oleic and linoleic acid on SHBG production using HepG2 cells were performed. We provided evidence that SHBG serum levels were significantly FG4592 higher in subjects using olive oil for cooking in comparison with subjects using sunflower oil. The SHBG levels correlated positively with MUFA (p

smaller than 0.001) and negatively with saturated fatty acids (p = 0.003). In the multiple regression analysis, MUFA were independently associated with SHBG levels and accounted for the 20.4% of SHBG variance. In vitro studies revealed that oleoyl-CoA increases SHBG production by downregulating PPAR- levels in HepG2 cells. ConclusionOlive oil consumption is associated with elevated SHBG serum levels. PPAR- downregulation induced by oleoyl-CoA is an important underlying mechanism of such regulation.”
“The aim of this study is to investigate the potential role and prognostic

significance of translationally controlled tumor protein check details (TCTP) in human epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Western blot was used to evaluate the expression of TCTP in eight fresh EOC tissues. Immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections of 119 cases of ovarian cancers. Kaplan-Meier method indicated the relation between TCTP and EOC patients’ overall survival rate. Starvation and re-feeding was used to assess cell cycle. Knocking down of TCTP and CCK8 assay showed the role of TCTP in HO8910 cell cycle. We found that TCTP was overexpressed in carcinoma tissues compared with normal tissues. Immunohistochemistry revealed that TCTP expression was significantly associated with FG-4592 datasheet clinicopathologic variables. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that high TCTP expression was significantly related to poor prognosis of the patients. Starvation and re-feeding suggested TCTP played a critical role in HO8910 cell proliferation. Interference of TCTP and CCK8 assay showed that the TCTP-siRNA treated HO8910 cells grew more slowly than the control group. CCK-8 assays and terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling assays were also performed to demonstrate the cisplatin could inhibit the survival of HO8910 cells and promote their apoptosis. All the experiments we have done showed that TCTP could promote the progression of EOC and reduce the sensitiveness of HO8910 cells to cisplatin.

clavata as a valuable tool

for bioindicators of habitat damage.”
“Objective: To review functional results and quality of life of the first patients implanted with a newly introduced bone conduction implant system. Study Design: Retrospective chart analysis of 6 patients (6 ears) implanted for conductive hearing loss (CHL) and mixed hearing loss (MHL) in 1 tertiary referral center between July 2012 and February 2013. Methods: Implantation of a new bone conduction hearing device. Pure tone audiometry (air conduction and bone conduction thresholds, pure tone average, air-bone gap, and functional gain), speech audiometry (Freiburg Monosyllabic Test), intraoperative and postoperative complication rate, and patient satisfaction (Glasgow benefit AG-014699 ic50 inventory

[GBI]) were assessed. Results: Air-conduction pure tone average (PTA) was 58.8 +/- 8.2 dB HL. Unaided average air-bone gap (ABG) was 33.3 SYN-117 +/- 6.2 dB. Aided air-conduction PTA in sound field was 25.2 +/- 5.1 dB HL. Aided average ABG was -0.3 +/- 7.3 dB. Average functional gain was 33.6 +/- 7.2 dB. Mean improvement of GBI was +36.1. No intraoperative complications occurred. During a follow-up period of 8.5 +/- 2.2 months, no device failure and no need for revision surgery occurred. Conclusion: Audiometric results of the new bone conduction hearing system are satisfying and comparable to the results of devices that have been applied previously for CHL and MHL. Intraoperatively and postoperatively, no complications were noted. Level of Evidence: 4 (Individual retrospective cohort EPZ5676 cost study) Level of Evidence: 4 (Individual retrospective cohort study)”
“The scarcity of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) prompts the search for alternative sources for cell-based bone defects repair. Human dermal fibroblasts (FBs) have been

shown to have a high proliferative potential and the capacity to differentiate into an osteogenic phenotype. The easy and repeated harvest in large quantities makes this cell source a potential candidate for bone tissue engineering. The aim of our study was to compare directly the immune phenotype, proliferative capacity and osteogenic differentiation potential of FBs with that of “gold standard” BMSCs or adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADSCs), another alternative osteoprogenitor cell source. Flow cytometry demonstrated that FBs, ADSCs and BMSCs shared common cell surface marker protein expression profiles when using a panel of surface antigens. FBs had the highest proliferative potential, but lowest osteogenic differentiation potential in vitro, compared with ADSCs or BMSCs. More importantly, BMPR-IB(+)-sorted FBs subpopulation had a higher osteogenic differentiation potential than BMPR-IB(-)-sorted FBs subpopulation. Our results indicated that the heterogeneous FBs were not an appropriate cell source for bone tissue engineering.

6 pg/mL) in TNF-alpha-induced Caco-2 cells. Antibiotic-treated and the sonicated lactobacilli also maintained inhibitory effects (IL-8 production from 5.0 to 36.3 pg/mL); however, the heat-treated lactobacilli lost their inhibitory effects (IL-8 production from 130.2 to 161.0 pg/mL). These results suggest that both the structural components and the soluble cellular content of lactobacilli

have anti-inflammatory effects. We also found that pretreatment of Caco-2 cells with lactobacilli inhibited S. typhimurium-induced IL-8 production ( smaller than 27.3 PHA-848125 order pg/mL). However, lactobacilli did not inhibit IL-8 production in Caco-2 cells pretreated with S. typhimurium. These results suggest that the tested lactobacilli strains are appropriate for preventing inflammatory diseases caused by enteric

pathogens but not for therapy. In short, L. salivarius and L. plantarum are potential candidates for the development of microbial ecological agents and functional foods.”
“Evidence available from nutritional epidemiology has indicated an inverse association between regular consumption of fruits and vegetables and the risk of developing certain types of cancer. In turn, preclinical studies have attributed the health-promoting effects of plant foods to some groups of phytochemicals, by virtue of their many biological activities. Mocetinostat mouse In this survey, we briefly examine the chemopreventive potential of flavonoids and flavonoid-rich foods in human oral carcinogenesis. Despite the paucity of data from clinical trials and epidemiological studies, in comparison to in vitro/in vivo investigations, a high level of evidence has been reported for epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and anthocyanins. These flavonoids, abundant in green tea and black raspberries, respectively, represent promising chemopreventive agents in human oral cancer.”
“Treatment of MCF-7 cells with tamoxifen induced vacuole formation

and cell death. Levels of the autophagy marker, microtubule-associated ACY-738 in vitro protein light chain 3 (LC3)-II also increased, and GFP-LC3 accumulated in and around vacuoles in MCF-7 cells exposed to tamoxifen, indicating that autophagy is involved in tamoxifen-induced changes. Live-cell confocal microscopy with FluoZin-3 staining and transmission electron microscopy with autometallographic staining revealed that labile zinc(II) ion (Zn(2+)) accumulated in most acidic LC3(+) autophagic vacuoles (AVs). Chelation of Zn(2+) with N,N,N’,N’-tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine (TPEN) blocked the increase in phospho-Erk and LC3-II levels, and attenuated AV formation and cell death. Conversely, the addition of ZnCl(2) markedly potentiated tamoxifen-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) activation, autophagy and cell death, indicating that Zn(2+) has an important role in these events.

\n\nMethods. We collected county-level diabetes-related rates and resources from Web-based sources and mapped them using geographic information systems (GIS) software. Data included age-adjusted county diabetes rates, diabetes-related medical resource and resource use (i.e., the number of endocrinologists and percentage

of Medicare patients with diabetes who received hemoglobin A1c testing in the past year), community resources (i.e., the number of certified diabetes self-management education and diabetes support groups), as well as population estimates and demographics (e.g., rural residence, education, poverty, and race/ethnicity). We created GIS maps highlighting areas that had higher-than-median selleckchem rates of disease and lower-than-median resources. We also conducted linear, logistic, and Poisson regression analyses to confirm GIS findings.\n\nResults. There were clear regional trends in resource distribution across Michigan. The 15 counties in the Upper Peninsula were lacking in medical resources but higher in community resources compared with the 68 counties in the Lower Peninsula. There was little apparent association between need (diabetes prevalence) and diabetes-related resources/use.

Specific counties with high diabetes prevalence and low resources were easily identified using GIS mapping.\n\nConclusion. Using public data and mapping tools identified diabetes health-service shortage areas for https://www.selleckchem.com/products/LY2603618-IC-83.html targeted public health programming.”
“This study investigates the solid phase characteristics and release of heavy Selleck Y-27632 metals (i.e., Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Mo, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and arsenic (As) from sludge samples derived from industrial wastewater treatment plants. The emphasis is determining the influence of acidification on element mobilization based on a multidisciplinary

approach that combines cascade and pH(stat) leaching tests with solid phase characterization through X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission gun electron probe micro analysis (FEG-EPMA), and thermodynamic modeling (Visual MinteQ 3.0). Solid phase characterization and thermodynamic modeling results allow prediction of Ni and Zn leachabilities. FEG-EPMA is useful for direct solid phase characterization because it provides information on additional phases including specific element associations that cannot be detected by XRD analysis. Cascade and pH(stat) leaching test results indicate that disposal of improperly treated sludges at landfills may lead to extreme environmental risks due to high leachable concentrations of Zn, Ni, Cu, Cr, and Pb. However, high leachabilities under acid conditions of Ni and Zn as observed from pH(stat) leaching test results may provide a potential opportunity for acid extraction recovery of Ni and Zn from such sludges.

Baseline clinical, pathological and demographic information such as location were recorded and linked to mortality and recurrence data. Men who had neoadjuvant therapy or missing data for socioeconomic status

(SES), tumour grade and stage were excluded leaving 1984 patients in the analyses (92.1% of total register). Results: MEK inhibitor Follow-up concluded in 2009 with 238 deaths observed, of which 77 were prostate cancer (PCa) specific. Cox and competing risk regressions were used for analysis. Living in a rural area was associated with higher odds of PCa specific mortality after RP (trend p smaller than 0.001) and a higher hazard of PCa death, the discrepancy selleck screening library rising up to four-fold (SHR= 4.09, p= 0.004) with increasing remoteness of residence. This effect is apparent after adjustment for SES, age, private or public hospital treatment, PSA level and tumour-specific factors. Conclusion: Rural men in Victoria have a shorter time to PCa death

following definitive treatment, even after adjustment for SES and adverse tumour characteristics. Implication: Rural men are faring worse than their urban counterparts following the same cancer treatment.”
“Observations along the southwestern Atlantic WOCE A17 line made during the Dutch GEOTRACESNL programme (2010-2011) were compared with historical data from 1994 to quantify the changes in the anthropogenic component of the total pool of dissolved inorganic carbon (Delta C-ant). Application of the extended multilinear regression (eMLR) method shows that the Delta C-ant from 1994 to 2011 has largely remained confined to the upper 1000 dbar. The greatest changes occur in the upper 200 dbar in the Subantarctic Zone (SAZ), where a maximum increase of 37 mu mol kg(-1) is found. South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) experienced the highest rate of increase in C-ant, at 0.99 +/- 0.14 mu mol

kg(-1) yr(-1), resulting in a maximum rate of decrease in pH of 0.0016 yr(-1). The highest rates of acidification relative to Delta C-ant, however, were found in Subantarctic Mode Water (SAMW) and Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW). The low find more buffering capacity of SAMW and AAIW combined with their relatively high rates of C-ant increase of 0.53 +/- 0.11 and 0.36 +/- 0.06 mu mol kg(-1) yr(-1), respectively, has lead to rapid acidification in the SAZ, and will continue to do so whilst simultaneously reducing the chemical buffering capacity of this significant CO2 sink.”
“Bishop DJ, Thomas C, Moore-Morris T, Tonkonogi M, Sahlin K, Mercier J. Sodium bicarbonate ingestion prior to training improves mitochondrial adaptations in rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 299: E225-E233, 2010. First published May 18, 2010; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00738.2009.

More studies into the capabilities of MALDI-TOF ICMS to identify fungi are required.”
“Background: HIV-infected patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) may experience symptoms because of HIV disease or treatment. Symptoms might negatively

affect quality of life, adherence, virological response, and survival. We investigated to what extent HIV-infected patients receiving cART experience symptoms with a median follow-up of 5.1 years. Additionally, we studied whether self-reported symptoms were related to concurrent quality of life and virological failure. Methods: Patients from the ATHENA cohort completed questionnaires on self-reported HSP inhibitor symptoms and quality of life every 6 months (January 1998 to June 2005). Quality of life was measured with the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey (MOS-HIV), resulting in a physical health summary (PHS) score and a mental health summary (MHS) score. Growth curve Etomoxir models were conducted to investigate the course of symptoms. Random effect models were carried out to study the association with concurrent quality of life and virological response. Results: We included 391 patients, completing 2,851 questionnaires. Symptoms that increased significantly over time were numb feeling in fingers or toes (P < .01), pain in legs (P < .01), pain when urinating (P < .01), sore muscles (P = .02), tingling of hands

or feet (P = .06), and difficulties with seeing (P < .01).

All self-reported symptoms were related to lower levels of PHS and MHS (P < .01). Trouble with sleeping (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI, 1.04-2.2), constipation (OR 2.8; 95% CI, 1.7-4.8), pain in legs (OR 1.8; 95% CI, 1.2-2.6), and numb feeling in fingers or toes (OR 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1-2.7) were related to concurrent virological response. Conclusion: HIV-infected patients on cART report a large range of symptoms. Management of symptoms is relevant because a number of symptoms are related to poorer quality of life and virological failure.”
“Primary angioplasty AZ 628 mw for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is recommended only if symptom duration is < 12 h. We evaluated final infarct size (FIS) and myocardial salvage in early presenters (< 12 h) vs. late presenters (12-72 h) undergoing primary angioplasty.\n\nMyocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) was performed acutely to assess area at risk (AAR) before angioplasty and repeated after 30 days to assess FIS (% of LV myocardium), salvage index (% non-infarcted AAR), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Late presenters (n = 55) compared with early presenters (n = 341) had larger median FIS [14% (inter-quartile range 3-30) vs. 7% (2-18), P = 0.005], lower salvage index [53% (27-89) vs. 69% (45-91), P = 0.05], and lower LVEF [48% (44-58%) vs. 53% (47-59), P = 0.04]. However, FIS, salvage index, and LVEF correlated weakly with symptom duration (R(2)-values < 0.10).