The aims of the present study were to assess the changes in serum levels of leptin and their correlation with Th1/Th2 cytokine and TH production in HD patients.

Methods: Fifty-three uremic patients with hemodialysis were evaluated; 30 healthy volunteers served as controls. Baseline serum concentrations of interleukin-2 (IL-2), sIL-2R, GSI-IX solubility dmso interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), IL-4 and IL-10 were analyzed using ELISA. Serum levels of leptin, total triiodothyronine (TT3),

free triiodothyronine (FT3), total thyroxine (TT4), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Other metabolic variables were measured in all patients and control subjects. Multiple correlation analysis was performed among variables.

Results: Mean serum leptin concentration was significantly higher in HD patients than that in controls (p<0.01), especially in women (p<0.001). While the fasting serum levels of sIL-2R and Th1-type cytokines including IL-2 and IFN-gamma were significantly higher in HD patients compared with controls, Th2-type cytokine, including IL-4 and IL-10, levels did not differ between patients and controls. The serum

STA-9090 TT3 and FT3 levels were lower in patients than controls, but TT4, FT4 and TSH were no different. Serum leptin levels in HD patients were significantly positively correlated with IL-2, IFN-gamma, sIL-2R and TSH; and negatively correlated with IL-4, IL-10, TT3 and FT3. Serum IL-2 levels correlated positively with serum IL-4, sIL-2R, TT3 and FT3. A negative correlation was observed between serum IFN-gamma and IL-4 levels in the patients.

Conclusions: These data suggest that hyperleptinemia in HD patients correlated with cytokine dysregulation with a high level of Th1-type cytokines, and euthyroid sick syndrome with low T3 levels which might be involved in Th1 polarization and low-T3 syndrome in dialysis patients.”
“Objectives:

AZD1480 in vitro The distribution and function of lymphatic vessels in normal and diseased human knees are understood incompletely. This study aimed to investigate whether lymphatic density is associated with clinical, histological or radiographic parameters in osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: Sections of synovium from 60 knees from patients with OA were compared with 60 post mortem control knees (from 37 individuals). Lymphatic vessels were identified using immunohistochemistry for podoplanin, and quantified as lymphatic vessel density (LVD) and lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) fractional area. Effusion status was determined by clinical examination, radiographs were scored for OA changes, and inflammation grading used haematoxylin and eosin stained sections of synovium.

Results: Lymphatic vessels were present in synovia from both disease groups, but were not identified in subchondral bone. Synovial lymphatic densities were independent of radiological severity and age. Synovia from patients with OA displayed lower LVD (z = -3.4, P = 0.001) and lower LEC fractional areas (z = -4.

First, low-dose radiation (0.3Gy) induced significant increasing of Wnt1, Wnt3a, Wnt5a, and beta-catenin expression

in both neural stem cells and in situ hippocampus by immunohistochemical and PCR detection. Secondly, low-dose radiation enhanced the neurogenesis of hippocampus indicated by increasing proliferation and neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells, going up of nestin-expressing cells and BrdU-incorporation in hippocampus. Thirdly, it promoted cell survival and reduced apoptotic death of neuronal stem cells by flowcytometry analysis. Finally, Morris water-maze test showed behavioral improvement of animal learning in low-dose radiation group. Accordingly, detrimental influence on Wnt/beta-catenin signaling or neurogenesis was confirmed in high-dose radiation (3.0Gy) group. Taken together, this study has Selleck Tariquidar revealed selleck kinase inhibitor certain beneficial effects of low-dose radiation to stimulate neural stem cell proliferation, the neurogenesis of hippocampus and animal learning most possibly by triggering Wnt/beta-catenin signaling cascades, suggesting its translational application role in devising new therapy for aging-related neurodegenerative disorders

particularly Alzheimer’s disease.”
“From a biotechnological point of view, bacteria can be seen as either pathogens to target with new drugs or as biocatalysts for largescale processes in industry, agriculture or the environment. The last includes the exploitation of bacterial activities for bioremediation of toxic waste either in situ or ex situ. The onset of genetic engineering in the late 70s opened the possibility of tailoring recombinant bacteria for environmental release, aimed at biodegradation of otherwise recalcitrant chemicals.

However, a few decades later the outcome of this prospect has been quite meager. The literature counts very few cases where the use of genetically engineered bacteria has been proven to be more efficient than natural microorganisms in elimination Fludarabine research buy of recalcitrant compounds under natural (not laboratory) conditions. Fortunately, the emergence of Systems and Synthetic Biology in the last few years is helping to identify what were the caveats of the former approaches and how to correct them. In addition, robust design concepts imported from process engineering provides fresh approaches to the challenge of designing microorganisms a la carte for environmental applications.”
“Upconverting materials can be used to increase the energy conversion efficiency of a solar cell. Such materials convert low-energy transmitted photons to higher-energy photons that can be absorbed by the cell, substantially reducing the spectral mismatch between the cell and the solar spectrum. Previously, the performance enhancements achievable with an ideal upconverter-solar cell system were theoretically investigated.

Human pharmacokinetic variability results in a considerable range of drug exposures following the use of fixed antifungal drug regimens. This variability can be quantified using population pharmacokinetic modeling techniques. Monte Carlo simulation can then be used to simulate pharmacokinetic variability and thereby estimate the proportion of patients with a therapeutic outcome of interest. Effective and safe regimens can thus be studied appropriately Galunisertib inhibitor in clinical settings. This approach can, and should, be used to optimize antifungal therapy for a large number of clinical scenarios.”
“To obtain improved accuracy in

predicting extracapsular extension (ECE) and seminal SB525334 vesicle invasion (SVI), we evaluated the variables affecting the predictability of staging magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, phased-array coil) and estimated

their impact on accuracy between preoperative MRI staging and histological outcome. A total of 121 patients with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer who underwent robotic radical prostatectomy (RALP) were included. Following transrectal biopsy, all enrolled patients had undergone MRI for staging work-up. After RALP, only 43.8% (53/121) of the patients were matched with the MRI predicted stage. Compared to the matched group in the prediction of ECE, the unmatched group had significantly higher initial prostate-specific antigen (PSA, 12.8 ng ml(-1) versus 8.1 ng ml(-1), P=0.048). In the prediction of SVI, initial PSA (8.1 ng ml(-1) versus 17.3 ng ml(-1), P=0.009) and biopsy Gleason score (6.5 versus 7.6, P=0.035) were significantly higher in the unmatched group. When applying clinical cutoffs of initial PSA of 10 and 20 ng ml(-1), the accuracy of MRI in the prediction of ECE was decreased in the group with PSA over 20 ng ml(-1) (75.6, 64.5 and 37.5%, P=0.01), and this

group had significantly decreased accuracy of MRI in the prediction of SVI (91.5, 77.4 and 37.5%, P < 0.01). Applying the clinical cutoff of a Gleason score of 7, the accuracy of MRI in the prediction of SVI was decreased in the higher Gleason score group (93.9, 82.1 and 62.9%, P=0.01). Thus, for these patient groups, to obtain margin negativity during radical prostatectomy, operative findings, rather selleck chemicals llc than post-biopsy MRI images, may provide substantial information, implying a clinical advantage in conducting MRI before prostate biopsy. Asian Journal of Andrology ( 2011) 13, 487-493; doi: 10.1038/aja.2010.165; published online 7 March 2011″
“10(4) times higher Er3+:2.7 mu m fluorescence was observed when Ho3+ was added into an Er3+ doped fluorophosphate glass under 976 nm excitation. Obviously changed J-O parameters and the calculated spectroscopic properties of Er3+ prove that Ho3+ influences the local environment of Er3+ greatly.

AUCs were 0.79, 0.86, and 0.86, respectively. A sequential approach combining the pain-related bother and NRS with a 1-week timeframe items had good discriminatory ability.

Conclusions.

Alternative single or combined pain screening strategies assessing pain-related bother may improve routine pain detection.”
“A 74-year old female was transferred to our institution because of blunt chest trauma. Chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) revealed right haemothorax and little pericardial effusion. She was taken to the operating theatre for emergent

operation because of hypotension and massive bleeding from the right-sided chest tube. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was started during surgical exploration. There selleck kinase inhibitor were three 1-cm lacerations actively bleeding from the right atrium and inferior vena cava junction, which were repaired successfully. Furthermore, we identified a 10 cm laceration in the selleck products right-side pleuropericardium and a communication existing between the pericardial space and the right pleural space.”
“Silent

information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is a NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase that represses gene expression and plays a role in longevity. SIRT1 responds to diverse stress conditions and regulates metabolism in nutrient deficiency conditions; therefore, it is involved in adaptive pathways to better fulfill tissue needs in a disturbed environment. SIRT1 overexpression or activation is protective in neurodegenerative diseases. Its role in acute nervous

system injury, such as brain ischemia, is emerging, but whether SIRT1 activation improves stroke outcome is still a matter of controversy. In the present review, we will document present knowledge about the contribution of SIRT1 in death/survival in cell and animal models of brain ischemia and discuss whether SIRT1 could be a valuable target for therapeutic intervention in human stroke.”
“The first cases of West Nile virus (WNV) transmitted through solid organ transplantation (SOT) were identified in 2002. Subsequently, 5 additional clusters have been reported NU7441 to public health officials in the United States. Based upon a limited number of known cases, patients who acquire WNV from infected donor organs might be at higher risk for severe neurologic disease and death, compared with patients infected through mosquito bites. In response, some organ procurement organizations (OPOs) have instituted pre-transplant screening of organ donors for WNV infection. We evaluated the current practices, concerns, and challenges related to screening organ donors for WNV in the United States by reviewing the relevant medical literature and interviewing key stakeholders. Screening organ donors for WNV is not required by national policy. In 2008, 11 (19%) of 58 OPOs performed WNV screening using nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT).

A desirable feature of the approach is that, during the transmission of logic state, the transmit node itself should not significantly change its quantum state; this is successfully validated through simulations. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3596522]“
“Objective. The red complex bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola) selleck screening library have been implicated,

either singly or in combination, in the development of various forms of periodontal diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of “”red complex”" in acute periradicular abscesses by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.

Study design. Microbial samples were collected by aspiration from 32 cases AP26113 cost diagnosed as acute periradicular abscess. DNA was extracted from the samples by using a QIAamp DNA mini-kit and analyzed with real-time PCR.

Results. At least 1 member of the red complex was found in 84% of the cases. In general T. denticola, P. gingivalis, and T. forsythia were detected in 65.6%, 43.7%, and 40.6% of the cases, respectively. Red complex

was detected in 15.6% of samples taken from acute periradicular abscesses.

Conclusions. Our findings suggest that “”red complex”" can participate in the pathogenesis of acute periradicular abscesses. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010; 110: 670-674)”
“A number of studies have pointed to the association of BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) and DARPP-32 (dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein,

32 kDa) with schizophrenia. The purpose of this study was to determine whether these two genes are involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia in the Malay population. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms Val66Met of BDNF, -2036C>G and g. 1238delG of DARPP-32 were genotyped in the Malay population in 200 patients with schizophrenia and 256 healthy controls. Analysis of allele and genotype frequencies in these two groups revealed no significant association learn more of BDNF or DARPP-32 polymorphisms with schizophrenia in Malays. This is the first such association study in the Malay population.”
“A complete study is given in this paper on the structural properties of Ba(Sr,Ti)O-3 (BST) thin films which present various preferred orientations: (111) and (001) fiber and epitaxial textures. The films are deposited in situ at 800 degrees C by sputtering on Si/SiO2/TiOx/Pt substrates and the orientation is controlled by monitoring the concentration of O-2 in the reactive plasma or by prior deposition of a very thin TiOx buffer layer between BST films and substrates. The epitaxial films are obtained on (001)-alpha-Al2O3 substrates covered with TiOx buffer layers.

In this article, we review 28 case reports and preliminary data from 37 patients enrolled in prospective trials of eculizumab treatment for episodes of aHUS involving either native or transplanted kidneys. Eculizumab may be considered as an optimal first-line LY2835219 in vitro therapy when the diagnosis of aHUS is unequivocal and this treatment has the potential to rescue

renal function when administered early after onset of the disease. However, a number of important issues require further study, including the appropriate duration of treatment according to an individual’s genetic background and medical history, the optimal strategy to prevent post-transplantation recurrence of aHUS and a cost-efficacy analysis. Data regarding the efficacy of eculizumab in the control of C3 glomerulopathies are more limited and less clear, but several observations suggest that eculizumab may act on the most inflammatory forms of this disorder.”
“Purpose of review

To review the established literature PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor 3 on renal functional outcomes and related pathologies after surgery for renal cortical tumors.

Recent findings

Recent data support the prevailing notion that radical nephrectomy is associated with higher rates of chronic kidney disease, regardless of the metric used in determining renal function. Furthermore, higher rates of chronic kidney disease in patients

receiving radical nephrectomy have been associated with more noncancer deaths and higher rates of cardiovascular mortality.

Summary

Patients undergoing

radical nephrectomy are at an increased risk of noncancer mortality, and in some cases, Selleck Bafilomycin A1 cardiovascular events and death. A comprehensive preoperative risk assessment is paramount in managing newly diagnosed patients with small renal masses.”
“Objective. To investigate the outcome of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses in relation to the features of umbilical artery (UA) Doppler and to explore the prognosticator of middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler in SGA fetuses with normal UA impedance.

Methods. Two hundred ninety-seven patients were classified into Group 1 with normal UA and MCA pulsatility index ( PI), Group 2 with normal UA but abnormal MCA PI and Group 3 with abnormal UA PI/absent or reversed end diastolic flow. Neonatal outcomes were compared between each group.

Results. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, duration of hospital stay and perinatal mortality were higher in Group 3 as compared to the others. Group 2 had a lower birth weight and more fetuses with 5-min Apgar score <7 than Group 1; NICU admission and need for ventilators were also significantly higher than Group 1.

Conclusions. SGA fetuses with abnormal UA Doppler suffered more morbidity and mortality compared to those with normal UA Doppler. SGA fetuses with normal UA PI but abnormal MCA PI had worse outcomes compared to those with normal UA and MCA PI.

Materials and Methods: The Multicenter Osteoarthritis study is a longitudinal study of individuals who have or are at risk for knee osteoarthritis. The HIPAA-compliant protocol was approved by the institutional review boards of all participating centers, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Magnetic resonance

images were acquired at baseline and 30-month follow-up and read JQ1 manufacturer semiquantitatively by using the Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score system. The tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints were subdivided into 14 subregions. BMLs and SCs were scored from 0 to 3. Cartilage morphology was scored from 0 to 6. The association of prevalent BMLs and full-thickness cartilage loss with incident SCs in the same subregion was assessed by using logistic regression with mutual adjustment for both predictors.

Results: A total of 1283 knees were included. After adjustment for full-thickness cartilage loss, prevalent BMLs showed a strong and significant association with incident SCs in the same subregion, with an odds ratio of 12.9 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.9, 18.6). After adjustment for BMLs, prevalent full-thickness cartilage loss showed a significant but much less important association with incident

SCs in the same subregion learn more (odds ratio, 1.4; 95% CI: 1.0, 2.0). There was no apparent relationship between severity of full-thickness cartilage loss at baseline and incident SCs.

Conclusion: Prevalent BMLs strongly predict incident SCs in the same subregion, even after adjustment for full-thickness cartilage loss, which supports the bone contusion theory of SC formation. (C) RSNA, 2010″
“Purpose:

To assess a simplified scoring method (Simplified Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score [SAMIS]) developed to shorten interpretation time, while retaining both correlation with Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (RAMRIS) and same or better intra-and interreader reliability.

Materials and Methods: Ethics board approval and written patient consent SB203580 nmr were obtained. The study was HIPAA compliant. Thirty-eight patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 20 patients with no or early unclassified arthritis underwent magnetic resonance imaging of both wrists and hands. RAMRIS was used to evaluate erosions (scale, 0-10), edema (scale, 0-3), and synovitis (scale, 0-3). SAMIS assessed only one hand and was based on the radiographic Simple Erosion Narrowing Score, thus reducing the number of study areas from 116 to 36. Erosions were scored with a scale from 1 to 10. Edema and synovitis were, respectively, scored with scales from 0 to 1 and 0 to 2. SAMIS correlation with RAMRIS was tested by using the Spearman test.

This value is sufficiently small

to avoid large resistive losses in most CdS device applications. To demonstrate the use of TiN in a CdS device, a Au/CdS/TiN Schottky diode was constructed. The diode has a potential barrier of 0.69 V and an ideality factor of 2.2. (C) 2011 Dorsomorphin supplier American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3615946]“
“The current studies aimed at determining physical fitness indices and anthropometrics profiles of children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) after the use of hydroxyurea (HU). Ninety-three male schoolchildren-who participated previously in a similar study before the introduction of HU-comprising 2 groups participated in the studies. Group 1 was 41 children who were suffering from sickle cell disease (SCD) and were on HU for a minimum of 2 years, whereas group 2 was 50 normal healthy controls. Anthropometrics measurement and parameters of physical fitness were assessed in all subjects.

All children were also subjected to a minimum of 6-minute running exercise test on a flat motorized treadmill at speed corresponding to 5 km/h. Throughout the test heart rate was monitored and recorded during exercise and for 10 minutes during recovery. Blood hemoglobin (Hb) and HbF% were measured after the use of HU. The mean values of weight, height, and lean body mass were still lower in the SCD children (P < .05) compared with the healthy subjects. However, they had significant decrease in the mean heart rate values Momelotinib inhibitor and they spent longer time on the treadmill before they got tired compared to their previous performance and

were just below the normal controls. Hydroxyurea treatment improved the aerobic exercise tolerance and most of the physical fitness parameters in children with SCD.”
“Informed consent for organ transplantation and donation is an ethical obligation, legally required, and considered as part of the Patient’s Rights Condition of Medicare Participation for hospitals. National policy-makers recommend that informed consent forms and patient education materials be written at a low reading level (5th-8th grade level) to facilitate patient comprehension. PFTα We assessed reading levels of informed consent forms (CFs) for adult organ transplant recipients and living organ donors across US transplant centers. CFs were analyzed using three measures of reading level: Lexile Measure, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, and the Gunning Fog Index. Of active transplant centers contacted (N = 209), 75 (36%) sent a total of 332 CFs. CFs were written, on average, at the college level, which is a considerably higher reading level than the standards set by policy-makers. CF reading levels were negatively correlated with transplant center volume (r = -0.119; p < 0.03). CFs for intestine transplantation and for evaluation/listing were the easiest to read, while consent forms for liver transplantation/donation and pre-transplant agreements were the most difficult to read.

The E(p) and E(D) values ranged between 11.69 and 21.23, and 11.21 and 20.72 kJ/mol, respectively. All the membranes exhibited positive Delta H(S) values, suggesting that the heat of sorption is still dominated by Henry’s mode of sorption. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 111:

2408-2418, 2009″
“Liposuction is an integral part of the wide range of surgical procedures in dermatology. Dermatologists established tumescent local anesthesia in combination with the use of micro-cannulas; Napabucasin molecular weight especially dermatologists from Germany and Austria actively designed and developed these new techniques. In this position paper, we discuss the history, various interdisciplinary aspects, the significance, and the treatment indications for this procedure as well as its role within dermatologic training programs and research. For quality reasons, members of the Germany Society of Dermatologic Surgery and the Austrian Society of Dermatologic Surgery discuss several fundamental professional aspects as well as the historical development of liposuction.”
“This study was undertaken to examine the protective

effect of resveratrol on human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell phagocytosis against ultraviolet irradiation damage. Cultured RPE cells were exposed to ultraviolet A (UVA, 20 minutes) irradiation, and treated with meclofenamic acid (30 mu M, 20 minutes), RSL3 concentration paxilline (100 nM, 20 minutes) or resveratrol (10 mu M, 20 minutes). Meclofenamic acid and resveratrol were given after exposure to UVA. Pretreatment with meclofenamic acid, resveratrol or paxilline before UVA irradiation was also performed. Fluorescent latex beads were then fed for 4 hours and the phagocytotic function was assessed by flow cytometry. UVA irradiation inhibited the phagocytic Saracatinib purchase function of human RPE cells. The large-conductance

calcium-activated potassium channel activator meclofenamic acid ameliorated the damage caused by UVA irradiation. Pretreatment with resveratrol acid also provided protection against damage caused by UVA. Posttreatment with meclofenamic acid offered mild protection, whereas resveratrol did not. In conclusion, the red wine flavonoid resveratrol ameliorated UVA-mediated inhibition of human RPE phagocytosis. The underlying mechanism might involve the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels.”
“The friction and wear characteristics of ZnO- or montmorillonite-nanoparticle-filled Kevlar fabric composites with different filter proportions when sliding against stainless steel pins under dry friction conditions’ were studied, with unfilled Kevlar fabric composites used as references. The worn surface and transfer film, of Kevlar fabric composites were then examined with a scanning electron microscope.

[doi:10.1063/1.3234377]“
“Spinal muscular atrophy is one of the most devastating neurological diseases of childhood. Affected infants and children suffer from often severe muscle weakness caused by degeneration of lower motor neurons in

the spinal cord and brainstem. Identification of the causative genetic mutation in most cases has resulted in development of potential treatment strategies. To test these new drugs, clinically feasible outcomes are needed. Several different Acalabrutinib supplier assessments, validated in spinal muscular atrophy or similar disorders, are being used by national and international research groups; however, their sensitivity to detect change is unknown. Acceptance of a few standardized, easily administered, and functionally meaningful outcomes, applicable to the phenotypic spectrum of spinal muscular atrophy, is needed. Consensus PXD101 is imperative to facilitate collaboration and explore the ability of these measures to identify the therapeutic effect of disease-modifying agents. Following is an evidence-based review of available clinical outcome measures in spinal muscular atrophy.”
“As-doped ZnO films were grown by the radio frequency magnetron sputtering method. As the substrate temperature during growth was

raised above similar to 400 degrees C, the films changed from n type to p type. Hole concentration and mobility of similar to 6 X 10(17) cm(-3) and similar to 6 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) were achieved. The ZnO films were studied by secondary ion mass spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), low temperature photoluminescence (PL), and positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS). The results were consistent with the As-Zn-2V(Zn) shallow acceptor model proposed by Limpijumnong et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 155504 (2004)]. The results of the XPS, PL, PAS, and thermal studies lead us to suggest a comprehensive picture of the As-related shallow acceptor formation. (c) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3236578]“
“The ketogenic MLN4924 in vitro diet, modified Atkins diet, and low-glycemic-index treatment have

all emerged over the past decade as important therapeutic options for children with intractable epilepsy. Whereas only a decade ago the ketogenic diet was seen as an “”alternative”" treatment of last resort, it has become more frequently used throughout the world. The past year alone 2 randomized and controlled trials of the ketogenic diet were published, as well as the use of the ketogenic diet for new-onset epilepsy (infantile spasms), and a 26-member international consensus statement guiding optimal clinical management. There has been an equally dramatic increase of interest into mechanisms of action using various experimental models. Researchers are also highly interested in using diets for neurologic disorders other than epilepsy, including autism and brain tumors. This review will update child neurologists on the recent advances in the use of ketogenic diets.”
“Large-size and high-quality 0.85Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O-3-0.15PbTiO(3) (0.