We suggest that underlying controls on niche conservatism may be different at these

higher taxonomic levels than at the species level. Niche conservatism at higher levels seems primarily controlled Screening Library purchase by intrinsic life history traits, whereas niche conservatism at the species level may reflect underlying environmental controls. These results highlight the critical importance of conserving the biodiversity of mammals at the genus level and of maintaining an adequate species pool within genera.”
“Purposes: To assess the tear osmolarity using the TearLab device after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and to compare the values with those obtained by traditional tear film tests before and after the procedure.\n\nMethods: Thirty eyes of 15 refractive surgery candidates (5 men and 10 women of mean age: 30.55 +/- 11.79 years) were examined. Using a special questionnaire (Ocular Surface Disease Index), subjective dry

eye complaints were evaluated, and then, the tear osmolarity was measured with the TearLab system (TearLab Corporation) and conventional dry eye tests were carried out. Examinations were performed preoperatively and at 1, 30, and 60 days after the surgery.\n\nResults: The mean value of tear osmolarity was 303.62 +/- 12.29 mOsm/L before the surgery and 303.58 +/- 20.14 mOsm/L at 60 days after the treatment (P = 0.69). Mean lid parallel conjunctival folds value was 0.68 +/- 0.68 before the procedure and 0.58 +/- 0.65 subsequent to surgery (P = 0.25). Meibomian gland dysfunction was not AG-881 cost detected. No significant deviation was observed in the values of Schirmer test, corneal staining, tear break-up time, and lid parallel conjunctival folds when compared with postoperatively obtained values during the follow-up period (P > 0.05).\n\nConclusions: During LASIK flap creation, intact corneal innervation is damaged, and the ocular surface lacrimal functional unit can be impaired. Lonafarnib solubility dmso In our study, no abnormal dry eye test results were observed before or after the procedure. Based on our results, LASIK treatment is safe for

dry eye involving the administration of adequate artificial tears for a minimum of 3 months.”
“Paget disease of bone (PDB) and hyperparathyroidism (HPT) are metabolic osseous disorders which affect >= 2% of the population. As these diseases may share clinical, radiographic, biochemical, and histopathologic features, knowledge of their phenotypic overlap may provide diagnostic utility and improve clinical outcome. Scant information is available in the dental literature regarding patients concurrently affected with both pathologies. We present an unusual case report of a 63-year-old woman coaffected with primary HPT, attributed to a functional oxyphilic parathyroid adenoma, and PDB. Bone scintigraphy revealed pagetoid lesions of the skull, humeral head, spine, sacrum, and hemipelvis.