LPVA and

then LSVA were paced while recording in the HSVA and the alternate site. While pacing from one low site, the time taken to activate the other low site and the HSVA was compared before and after successful ablation.

Results: Three patients with Mustard operation MI-503 and AFL underwent successful CA. Involvement of the CTI in AFL was proved by entrainment mapping. AFL was terminated during ablation and no longer inducible after ablation in all. LSVA pacing showed LPVA activation preceded HSVA activation preablation and activation pattern reversal after ablation. Likewise, LPVA pacing showed LSVA activation preceding HSVA preablation with reversal after ablation.

Conclusion: This study provides a simple method to demonstrate bidirectional block at the CTI in patients with CTI-based AFL after Mustard operation for Autophagy inhibitor TGA.

(PACE 2009; 1294-1298).”
“Objective-To evaluate whether the presence of a gastric foreign body (gFB) is a significant risk factor for gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV) in dogs and to quantify the change in likelihood of developing

GDV associated with the presence of a gFB.

Design-Retrospective case-control study.

Animals-118 large- or giant-breed dogs treated surgically for an episode of GDV and 342 large- or giant-breed dogs (> 12 months old) that underwent abdominal surgery for reasons other than GDV.

Procedures-During exploratory celiotomy, all dogs underwent palpation and visual examination of the entire gastrointestinal tract. A foreign body was defined as nondigestible or slowly digestible material palpated during gastrointestinal tract examination

that was causing clinical signs or was > 10 cm in length or > 2 cm in width.

Results-The incidence of gFBs was significantly higher Selleck HIF inhibitor in the group of dogs with GDV. The presence of a gFB, age, weight, and purebred status were significant risk factors for GDV. Odds ratios were calculated for gFB (OR, 4.920), age (OR, 1.157), weight (OR, 0.958) and purebred status (OR, 4.836).

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Gastric foreign body was found to be a significant risk factor for GDV in dogs. The study findings suggested that a large-or giant-breed dog with a gFB was approximately 5 times as likely to develop GDV as a similar dog with no gFB. Results indicated that there was a strong correlation between gFB and GDV in dogs. However, further cohort studies are needed to determine whether there is a causal relationship between the presence of a gFB and the development of GDV in dogs. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2012;241:1190-1193)”
“The exchange coupling and magnetic properties distributions in Co/Pd multilayer perpendicular magnetic anisotropy films with different magnetic properties are investigated using the experimental first order reversal curve (FORC) diagram with assistance of Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert simulation.