“BRD4, which is a member of the BET (bromodomains and extr


“BRD4, which is a member of the BET (bromodomains and extraterminal) protein family, interacts preferentially with acetylated chromatin and possesses multiple cellular functions in meiosis,

embryonic development, the cell cycle, and transcription. BRD4 and its family members contain two bromodomains known to bind acetylated lysine, and a conserved ET domain whose function is unclear. Here we show the solution structure of the ET domain of mouse BRD4, which provides the first three-dimensional structure of an ET domain in the BET family. We determined the NMR structure of BRD4-ET with a root-mean-square deviation of 0.41 angstrom for the backbone atoms in the structured region of residues 608-676 on the basis of 1793 upper distance limits derived from NOE intensities measured in three-dimensional NOESY spectra. The structure

of the BRD4-ET domain comprises three 8-Bromo-cAMP RG-7388 manufacturer alpha-helices and a characteristic loop region of an irregular but well-defined structure. A DALI search revealed no close structural homologs in the current Protein Data Bank. The BRD4-ET structure has an acidic patch that forms a continuous ridge with a hydrophobic cleft, which may interact with other proteins and/or DNA.”
“Considerable sex differences occur in the incidence and prevalence of anxiety disorders where women are more anxious than men, particularly in situations where social interaction is required. In preclinical studies, the social interaction test represents a valid animal model to study sex differences in social anxiety. Cepharanthine Indeed, female rats engage less in conspecific interactions than their male counterparts, which are behaviors indicative of higher social anxiety in female rats.

In this work, we implicated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in mediating social interaction. Indeed, female rats’ had lower ERK2 expression compared to male rats, and overexpression of ERK2 in the mPFC increases their social interaction to the level seen in their male counterparts. These data indicate that the sexually dimorphic expression of ERK2 mediates social anxiety-like behaviors. (c) 2012 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Microalgae have much higher lipid yields than those of agricultural oleaginosous crops, and they do not compromise arable land. Despite this, current microalga-based processes suffer from several constraints pertaining to the biocatalyst and the bioreactor, which hamper technologically and economically feasible scale-up. Here, we briefly review recent active research and development efforts worldwide, and discuss the most relevant shortcomings of microalgal biofuels.

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