The origin of the hysteresis is identified to be related to the electron trapping and detrapping processes associated with the deep-level traps in the grain boundaries of the poly-Si channel.”
“BACKGROUND
Intense pulsed light (IPL) and the microneedle therapy system
(MTS) are currently available for the treatment of scars. Greater collagen deposition has been proposed as a mechanism for the treatment of scars.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the effects of IPL and MTS on collagen deposition.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Fifty-four imprinting control region mice were divided into three groups: untreated controls, treatment with IPL, and treatment with MTS. A single pass of IPL 10.5 J/cm2 and five passes (total 15 strokes) of MTS were performed three times every Selleck SB525334 2 weeks.
Four weeks after the last treatment, skin thickness measurements using a caliper, microscopic examination, Western blot analysis for type I collagen, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for total collagen content were performed.
RESULTS
Measured using calipers, MTS, resulted in greater skin thickness than IPL that paralleled the dermal thickness of the biopsied specimens. MTS also increased expression Compound C price levels of type I collagen and total collagen content more than IPL. IPL effects were superior to control.
CONCLUSION
MTS increased collagen deposition more than IPL, and MTS might be more effective than IPL for scar treatment.
The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters.”
“Background: Steel production is a major industry worldwide yet there is relatively little information on the pulmonary effects of air quality near steel manufacturing plants.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine
how lung function changes acutely when healthy subjects are situated near a steel plant which is adjacent to a residential area.
Methods: Sixty-one subjects were randomly assigned to spend 5 consecutive, 8-hour days in a residential neighborhood approximately 0.9 km from a steel plant, or approximately 4.5 km away at a college campus. Subjects crossed-over between sites after a nine-day washout period. Lung function was measured daily at both sites along with air GSK690693 concentration pollutants including SO2, NO2, O-3, PM2.5, and ultrafine particles. Diffusion capacity and pulse oximetry were also examined.
Results: Compared with the college site, the forced expiratory volume in 1-second/forced vital capacity, forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of the PVC, total lung capacity, functional residual capacity, and residual volume were lower near the steel plant by 0.67% (95% CI: 0.28, 1.06), 1.62% (95% CI: 0.50, 2.75), 1.54% (95% CI: 0.68, 2.39), 3.54% (95% CI: 1.95, 5.13) and 11.3% (95% CI: 4.92, 17.75), respectively.