METHODS: All patients presenting to 2 academic hospitals with symptomatic intracranial disease between 2006 and 2008 who underwent catheter

angiography were identified. Patients with complete intracranial occlusion or stenosis less than 50% stenosis were excluded (n = 14).

RESULTS: Thirty-one patients met the study criteria. Sixteen (52%) patients were on antiplatelet medications at the time of the initial event, and 2 patients were also on anticoagulant medications. Six patients (19%) underwent intracranial angioplasty and/or stent placement with their initial diagnostic angiogram. Twenty-five patients (81%) had endovascular treatment Stattic research buy deferred for best medical treatment in the interim period. Among the 25 patients who were kept on medical management, Cyclopamine 14 (56%) were readmitted with recurrent ischemic events in the distribution of the target artery within a median of 28 days (range, 1-243 days). Recurrent events occurred within 1 week in 8 (57%) patients, between 7 days and 1 month in 4 (29%) patients, 1 to 3 months in 1 (7%) patient, and after 3 months in 1 (7%) patient. Recurrent ischemic events were observed in all 5 patients with basilar artery stenosis and in 13 of 17 patients with severity

of stenosis >= 70%.

CONCLUSION: A high rate of recurrent ischemic events was observed among patients in whom endovascular treatment was deferred, particularly

those with basilar artery stenosis and those with high-grade stenosis. This information would be beneficial in decision making for timing of the endovascular treatment among patients with symptomatic intracranial stenosis.”
“The thermoregulatory behavior Etomoxir of the wavy turban snail Megastrea (Lithopoma) undosa was determined in a horizontal thermal gradient and was 16.31 in day cycle and 14.4 degrees C in night cycle. Displacement velocity of adults was 29.3 +/- 4.2 cm h(-1) during the light phase and 26.1 +/- 3.2 cm h(-1) the dark phase. The critical thermal maxima of the wavy turban snail were determined. As a measure of thermal tolerance, snails were subjected to increasing water temperatures at a rate of 1 degrees C every 30 min until they were detached from the substrate. The critical thermal maximum at 50% was 29.7 degrees C. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“BACKGROUND: Vasospasm is the major cause of morbidity and mortality after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. It is well known that the vasoreactivity decreases with advancing age, but it is not well investigated in a large patient cohort whether, as a consequence, the incidence of vasospasm is lower in elderly patients.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether transcranial Doppler vasospasm, delayed ischemic neurological deficits, and vasospasm-associated ischemic lesions are less frequent in older patients.